Saint Georges University of London

St George’s, University of London (legal name St George’s Hospital Medical School, informally St George’s or SGUL), is a medical school located in Tooting in South London and is a constituent college of the University of London. St George’s has its origins in 1733, and was the second institution in England to provide formal training courses for doctors (after the University of Oxford). St George’s affiliated with the University of London soon after the latter’s establishment in 1836. St George’s is closely affiliated to St George’s Hospital and is one of the United Hospitals. Originally established in 1733 in Lanesborough House at Hyde Park Corner (now the site of The Lanesborough hotel), in central London, the college moved to its current home in Tooting, South London, in 1980, where it shares a site with St George’s Healthcare NHS Trust. Following Quality Assurance Agency inspections St George’s gained a score of 23 out of 24 for its teaching of medicine  — the highest of any of the London medical schools. The inspections report was published in January 2000 and the course, curriculum and teaching methods at St George’s have changed since then. In December 1986, it was discovered that a computer program used to process student applications at St. George’s, written by Dr Geoffrey Franglen in 1979, had been discriminated against non-Caucasians and women by deliberately downgrading their scores by up to 20 points. A Commission for Racial Equality inquiry found that this unfairly deprived 60 candidates a year from places during this time, as well as finding that various senior academics were aware that the program was discriminatory several times between 1982 and 1986, but did not take any action. St George’s was the first institution in the United Kingdom to offer a four-year graduate entry Medicine degree based on the program from Flinders University with which it has an exchange program. The first intake was in 2000 with 35 students and the course has since been emulated by many other universities. Entry to the course is highly competitive with candidates being required to sit the GAMSAT as part of the application process. The St George’s campus is located in the Tooting area of south-west London, and shares a site with St George’s Hospital, a 1,300 bed major trauma centre. Teaching facilities at the campus include clinical skills laboratories and a patient simulator allowing students to practice based on real-life situations including surgical and medical emergencies. The university library houses approximately 42,000 books and subscribes to over 10,000 journals. There is an on-site sports centre including a sports hall, three squash courts, and weights and fitness rooms. St George’s offers foundation and undergraduate degrees at its site in Tooting in medical, biomedical and healthcare sciences, including: Biomedical Science BSc (Hons), Biomedical Science Foundation Degree, Healthcare Practice DipHE and BSc (Hons), Healthcare Practice Foundation Degree, Healthcare Science (Physiological Sciences) BSc (Hons), Medicine (four-year graduate stream) MBBS4, Medicine (five-year) MBBS5, and Medicine (six-year) MBBS6, Physician Associate Studies MSc. St George’s, in partnership with INTO University Partners, has also formed a joint venture, INTO SGUL, to offer a Foundation in Medical, Biomedical and Health Sciences for international students whose qualifications do not allow direct progression into Bachelors level study in the UK, and a six-year MBBS and a four-year graduate stream MBBS programme specifically for international students, with clinical placements overseas. The first student cohort on each international MBBS programme entered St George’s in September 2012. Outside of the UK, the MBBS4 is also offered in Nicosia, Cyprus, through a partnership between St George’s and the University of Nicosia. The new programme was inaugurated and the first student cohort commenced in Nicosia in September 2011. The programme at the University of Nicosia features international clinical placements in Israel and the USA. St George’s offers numerous research and taught postgraduate degrees. The Students’ Union organises various activities including fancy dress discos and a Rag Week, the annual series of fund-raising events. In recent years the Union has become more politically aware and shown greater interest in National Union of Students and British Medical Association activities. Each new student at St George’s is assigned a ‘mum’ or ‘dad’ in the year above. These ‘parents’ act as mentors for the new students, giving them advice about the course, often tutoring them when needed, as well as buying them drinks during Freshers’ Week and beyond. Over the years the family expands to include siblings, uncles, aunts, grandparents etc., spanning all the years of the various courses. The university owns one hall of residence, Horton Halls, a large modern site which first opened to new students in late September 2007, replacing St. George’s Grove the old hall of residence. All India Call & WhatsApp Helpline for MBBS/MD Admission : +91 9001099110 Popular Links | MBBS in India, MBBS in China, MBBS in Bangladesh, MBBS in Georgia

Royal College Psychiatrists, London

The Royal College of Psychiatrists is the main professional organisation of psychiatrists in the United Kingdom, and is responsible for representing psychiatrists, for psychiatric research and for providing public information about mental health problems. The college provides advice to those responsible for training and certifying psychiatrists in the UK. In addition to publishing many books and producing several journals, the College produces, for the public, information about mental health problems. Its offices are located at 21 Prescot Street in London, near Aldgate. The College was formerly located in Belgrave Square. The College has existed in various forms since 1841, having started life as the Association of Medical Officers of Asylums and Hospitals for the Insane. In 1865 it became the Medico-Psychological Association. In 1926, the Association received its Royal Charter, becoming the Royal Medico-Psychological Association. Finally, in 1971, a Supplemental Charter accorded the Association the status of the Royal College of Psychiatrists. The coat of arms incorporates the traditional serpent-entwined rod of Asclepius symbolic of medicine, and butterflies associated with Psyche. Previous to the grant of these arms, the Medico-Psychological Association had used a device showing the seated Psyche with butterfly’s wings. The arms were originally granted to the Royal Medico-Psychological Association in 1926, and were confirmed to the College on its formation in 1971 by the College of Arms. They were also registered in Scotland by the Court of the Lord Lyon. The work of the College Centre for Quality Improvement (CCQI) has developed a role for clinicians and their professional bodies in raising standards. Its national initiatives engage directly with clinicians, managers and service users and support them to take responsibility for improving local mental health services. More than 90% of mental health services in the UK participate in the work of the CCQI. The Policy Unit, part of the Strategic Communications Department, is responsible for the development and delivery of College policy to the membership and a range of external audiences. All India Call & WhatsApp Helpline for MBBS/MD Admission : +91 9001099110 Popular Links | MBBS in India, MBBS in China, MBBS in Bangladesh, MBBS in Georgia

Royal College of Surgeons of England, UK

The Royal College of Surgeons of England, is an independent professional body and registered charity promoting and advancing standards of surgical care for patients, regulating surgery, including dentistry, in England and Wales. The College is located at Lincoln’s Inn Fields in London. It publishes multiple medical journals including the Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England, the Faculty Dental Journal, and the Bulletin of the Royal College of Surgeons of England. The origins of the College date to the fourteenth century with the foundation of the “Guild of Surgeons Within the City of London”. Certain sources date this as occurring in 1368. There was ongoing dispute between the surgeons and barber surgeons until an agreement was signed between them in 1493, giving the fellowship of surgeons the power of incorporation. This union was formalised further in 1540 by Henry VIII between the Worshipful Company of Barbers (incorporated 1462) and the Guild of Surgeons to form the Company of Barber-Surgeons. In 1745 the surgeons broke away from the barbers to form the Company of Surgeons. In 1800 the Company was granted a Royal Charter to become the Royal College of Surgeons in London. A further charter in 1843 granted it the present title of the Royal College of Surgeons of England. he correct way to address a member or fellow of The Royal College of Surgeons is to use the title Mr, Miss, Mrs, or Ms (not Dr). This system (which applies only to surgeons, not physicians) has its origins in the 16th century, when surgeons were barber-surgeons and did not have a medical degree (or indeed any formal qualification), unlike physicians, who held a University medical degree. When the College of Surgeons received its royal charter, the Royal College of Physicians insisted that candidates must have a medical degree first. Therefore, an aspiring surgeon had to study medicine first and received the title Doctor. Thereafter, having obtained the diploma of Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons he would revert to the title “Mr” as a snub to the RCP. Nowadays the title “Mr” is used by Members of the College who have passed the diploma MRCS examination and the College addresses Members as “Mr” or “Ms”. The Company of Surgeons moved from Surgeon’s Hall in Old Bailey to a site at 41 Lincoln’s Inn Fields in 1797. Construction of the first College building, to a design by George Dance the Younger, and James Lewis, took from 1805 to 1813. In 1833 Sir Charles Barry won the public competition to design a replacement. The library and portico of this building are all that remain today after a German incendiary bomb hit the College in 1941 In 1799 the government purchased the collection of John Hunter which they presented to the College. This formed the basis of the Hunterian Collection, which has since been supplimented by others including an Odontological Collection (curated by A E W Miles until the early 1990s) and the natural history collections of Richard Owen. The Hunterian Museum is a member of The London Museums of Health & Medicine group, and displays thousands of anatomical specimens, including the Evelyn tables and the skeleton of the “Irish giant” Charles Byrne, surgical instruments, and paintings and sculptures about medical individuals and medicine. The Cheselden Medal was instituted in 2009 in honour of William Cheselden “to recognise unique achievements in, and exceptional contributions to, the advancement of surgery”. The award is made at irregular intervals to reflect the outstanding qualities required of recipients and is deemed one of the College’s highest professional honours.   The Royal Colleges’ Bronze Medal was instituted in 1957 and is awarded jointly with the Royal College of Physicians and the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. It is awarded annually “on the nomination of the Medical Group of the Royal Photographic Society for the outstanding example of photography in the service of medicine and surgery”.   The Wood Jones Medal was instituted in 1975 to commemorate Frederic Wood Jones (Sir William Collins Professor of Human and Comparative Anatomy and Conservator of the Anatomy Museum 1945-52). It is awarded occasionally (triennially until 1994) by a Committee “for contributions to anatomical knowledge or the teaching of anatomy in the tradition of Frederic Wood Jones”. The RCS offeres a range of both on-line e-learning modules and hands-on practical workshops to facilitate the CPD for trainee and consultant surgeons across varies specialties. Since May 2017, the RCS started to offer Postgraduate Certificate in Surgery to junior surgical trainee. This qualification combined e-learning modules and practical causes “offer surgical trainees a high-quality, flexible and interactive way to build their surgical knowledge and skills All India Call & WhatsApp Helpline for MBBS/MD Admission : +91 9001099110 Popular Links | MBBS in India, MBBS in China, MBBS in Bangladesh, MBBS in Georgia

Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh, UK

The Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh is a professional organisation of surgeons located in Nicolson Street, Edinburgh, within the William Henry Playfair designed Surgeons’ Hall and adjoining buildings. It is one of the oldest surgical corporations in the world and traces its origins to 1505 when the Barber Surgeons of Edinburgh were formally incorporated as a craft guild of Edinburgh. The Barber-Surgeons of Dublin was the first medical corporation in Ireland or Britain, having been incorporated in 1446 (by Royal Decree of Henry VI). The Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh is the oldest and largest of the UK surgical Royal Colleges, and one of the largest of all the UK medical Royal Colleges. First incorporated as the Barber Surgeons of Edinburgh in 1505, the College has been at the vanguard of surgical innovation and developments for over 500 years. Today we are a modern, thriving, global network of medical professionals with memberships approaching 25,000 professionals who live and work in more than 100 countries around the world. 15,000 of these live and work in the UK and 80% of that figure are based in England and Wales. Our membership includes people at every stage of their career, from medical students through to trainees, consultants and those who have retired from practice. With our interest in professional standards, the College’s primary role – and the main concern of our Fellows and Members – is to ensure the safety of our patients and provide them with the best possible care. We do this by championing the highest standards of surgical and dental practice; through our provision of courses and educational programmes, training, examinations and Continuous Professional Development; our liaison with external medical bodies; and by influencing healthcare policy across the UK. Our main campus in Edinburgh, which includes a dedicated skills laboratory, the Surgeons’ Hall Museums, College Library, function and meeting facilities, a 77 bedroom hotel, postgraduate accommodation, and office space for over 140 staff, was joined in 2014 by our second site in Birmingham’s prestigious Colmore Row. This new base offers office space, facilities for events and courses and spaces for our membership to meet and take part in the College’s activities. In 1505, the Barber Surgeons of Edinburgh were formally incorporated as a Craft Guild of the city and this recognition is embodied in the Seal of Cause (or Charter of Privileges) which was granted to the Barber Surgeons by the Town Council of Edinburgh on 1 July 1505. The Seal of Cause conferred various privileges and imposed certain crucially important duties, the most important of these that all apprentices should be literate, that every master should have full knowledge of anatomy and surgical procedures and that this knowledge should be tested at the end of apprenticeship, all clauses still relevant to surgical practice and the College today. Dentistry has been an important part of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh since the Incorporation of Barber Surgeons were granted their Seal of Cause by Edinburgh Town Council in 1505, though it remained largely unregulated in Edinburgh until the middle of the 19th century. In 1879 the Diploma of Licentiate in Dental Surgery (LDS) was introduced and recognised for admission to the Dentist’s Register. In 1921, the Dentists Act raised standards, and only dentists who had been trained in a dental school could be admitted to the Register and allowed to practice dentistry. To be admitted as a member to the college, trainee surgeons are required to sit and pass MRCS Membership of the Royal College of Surgeons examinations, which usually happens in the first or second years of surgical training. Since September 2008, the MRCS has become an Intercollegiate Examination, with a syllabus, format and content common to all three colleges in the UK (The Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh, The Royal College of Surgeons of England and The Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow). The College conducts a number of other examinations, including dental examinations, immediate medical care examinations and sport and exercise medicine. The Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh runs a large range of educational events and courses for medical students interested in surgery, through to surgical trainees and consultant specialists. Many of these courses are held in the Surgical Skills Laboratory on site in Edinburgh, but the College does also conduct courses abroad to address particular needs. They offer distance learning courses through their Department of eLearning. The Post-Graduate Certificate in Remote and Offshore Medicine (CertROM) is an example of a course that consists entirely of online modules, although for the diploma (DipROM) attendance of a workshop is also required. The Museum linked to the College is open to the public and houses one of the largest collections of pathological artifacts in Britain. The museum dates from 1699 and underwent major improvements in 2015. All India Call & WhatsApp Helpline for MBBS/MD Admission : +91 9001099110 Popular Links | MBBS in India, MBBS in China, MBBS in Bangladesh, MBBS in Georgia

Royal College of Physicians of UK

The Royal College of Physicians is a British professional body dedicated to improving the practice of medicine, chiefly through the accreditation of physicians by examination. Founded in 1518, it set the first international standard in the classification of diseases, and its library contains medical texts of great historical interest. The college hosts four training faculties: the Faculty of Forensic and Legal Medicine, the Faculty for Pharmaceutical Medicine, the Faculty of Occupational Medicine and the Faculty of Physician Associates. The college is sometimes referred to as the Royal College of Physicians of London to differentiate it from other similarly named bodies. Its home in Regent’s Park is one of the few post-war buildings to be granted Grade I listed status. In 2016 it was announced that the North of England centre of excellence was to be based at a new building in the Liverpool Knowledge Quarter in Liverpool.[1] The new centre is set to open in 2020. A small group of distinguished physicians, led by the scholar, humanist and priest Thomas Linacre, petitioned King Henry VIII to be incorporated into a College similar to those found in a number of other European countries. The main functions of the college, as set down in the founding Charter, were to grant licenses to those qualified to practice and to punish unqualified practitioners and those engaging in malpractice. This included apothecaries as well as physicians. It was founded as the College of Physicians when it received a Royal Charter in 1518, affirmed by Act of Parliament in 1523. It is not known when the name “Royal College” was first assumed or granted. It came into use after the charter of 1663. It was legally confirmed in 1960 by the Royal College of Physicians of London Act (which was primarily required in order to move the premises of the college outside of the Cities of London or Westminster to Regent’s Park). The college has been continuously active in improving the practice of medicine since its foundation, primarily though the accreditation of physicians. It is a member of the UK Academy of Medical Royal Colleges. It is sometimes referred to as the Royal College of Physicians of London to differentiate it from other similarly named bodies. The first Harveian Librarian was Christopher Merret, a fellow of the college and a friend of Harvey. He was set up with a lifetime appointment that compensated him with room and board and a small stipend. In 1666, the Great fire of London destroyed many of the rooms and most of the books, so they tried to break the contract with Merret, but he fought them at the King’s Court, claiming it was a lifetime appointment. He eventually lost the case, was expelled from the Fellowship, had to seek private lodgings and return the books he had rescued from the fire. The library aims to support the learning and information needs of the RCP’s members, students, and staff. The unique collections are also used by members of the public interested in researching. The enquiry service provides information on the current role and functions of the RCP as well as its history. history of medicine genealogy health and social policy medical education The college is located in St. Andrews Place, which is at the north end of the road running up the east side of Regent’s Park, Park Square East. The college’s previous headquarters, on Pall Mall East/Trafalgar Square, is now Canada House, part of the Canadian high commission in London. The college had a number of other locations prior to Pall Mall East, in the City of London. The current College building itself is notable. It was designed by architect Sir Denys Lasdun, opening in 1964 and has since been recognised as a building of national importance: it is a Grade I listed building, one of a very select band of post-war buildings sharing this distinction. Lasdun’s use of mosaic clad concrete was extremely influential on many later public buildings. An interesting feature of the building was a ‘Moving Wall’, weighing five tons (5080 kg) and capable of being hydraulically lifted ten feet (3050 mm) to unite or sub-divide a hall of sixty-two feet (18.9 m) width, which was the interior width of the building. The hydraulic equipment and the steel framework for the Moving Wall were produced by Merryweather & SonsLtd of Greenwich, hydraulic engineers. Although better known for fire fighting equipment it was not the company’s first installation of this kind. The college holds an annual lecture, commonly referred to as the Lumleian Lectures, which were named in honour of Lord Lumley and established as part of the Lumleian Trust. The trust and lectures were established in 1582 by Richard Caldwell, a former president of the college. The subject matter of the lectures was initially in surgery, which was later changed to in medicine. The first lecture was given by Richard Forster, and the lectures continue to today. Other annual lectures are the Croonian Lecture, the Goulstonian Lecture, the Bradshaw Lecture and the Milroy Lectures. Once a year, traditionally on St Lukes Day, a Fellow is appointed to deliver the Harveian Oration to the assembled college in memory of William Harvey. The oration seeks to honour the founders and benefactors of the college and encourage a spirit of experimentation amongst the members. The Bisset Hawkins Medal is a triennial award founded in 1899 in honour of Francis Bisset Hawkins, a fellow of the college, to recognise work done in the preceding ten years in advancing sanitary science or promoting public health. The Baly Medal is a biennial award, founded by a gift from Frederick Daniel Dyster (1809?–93) received in 1866, confirmed by deed 1930 – in memory of William Baly: £400 to provide a gold medal for the person deemed to have most distinguished himself in the science of physiology, especially during the previous two years. All India Call & WhatsApp Helpline for MBBS/MD Admission : +91 9001099110 Popular Links | MBBS in India, MBBS in China, MBBS in Bangladesh, MBBS in Georgia

Royal College of Pathologists, London

The College is a professional membership organisation with charitable status, concerned with all matters relating to the science and practice of pathology. It is a body of its Fellows, Affiliates and trainees, supported by the staff who are based at the College’s London offices. The Royal College of Pathologists is a charity with over 11,000 members worldwide. The majority of members are doctors and scientists working in hospitals and universities in the UK. The College oversees the training of pathologists and scientists working in 19 different specialties, which include cellular pathology, haematology, clinical biochemistry and medical microbiology. Although some pathologists work in laboratories, many work directly with patients in hospitals and the community. Together they are involved in over 70% of all diagnoses, as well as playing an important role in disease prevention, treatment and monitoring. If you have ever had a blood test, cervical smear or tissue biopsy, a pathologist will have been involved in your care. The Royal College of Pathologists was based at 2 Carlton House Terrace (2CHT) since 1969. The College had a long lease from The Crown Estate for the building and was paying a peppercorn rent. As part of a review of our office accommodation for the future requirements of the College, it was agreed by the College Council that the best interests of the College would be to enter into a joint sale arrangement with The Crown Estate. Proceeds from the sale have been used to purchase a freehold property in Central London in Alie Street, close to good transport links; providing a sustainable base for College business into the future. In September 2014 contracts were exchanged on the sale of the property. The College subsequently signed a contract with The Royal College of Psychiatrists to move to its premises at 21 Prescot Street on 9 February 2015 for a short term period whilst the new premises were redeveloped. 21 Prescot Street will serve as the College’s temporary offices before we move to our permanent premises at 6-8 Alie Street. All India Call & WhatsApp Helpline for MBBS/MD Admission : +91 9001099110 Popular Links | MBBS in India, MBBS in China, MBBS in Bangladesh, MBBS in Georgia

Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, UK

The Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, often referred to as the RCPCH, is the professional body for paediatricians(doctors specialising in child health) in the United Kingdom. It is responsible for the postgraduate training of paediatricians and conducts the Membership of the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health (MRCPCH) exams. It also awards the Diploma in Child Health (DCH), which is taken by many doctors who plan a career in general practice. Members of the college use the postnominal initials ‘MRCPCH’ while Fellows use ‘FRCPCH’. The United Kingdom’s first national group of paediatricians was established in 1928 as the British Paediatric Association or BPA. Its first president was George Frederic Still. The BPA’s initial aims were the advancement of the study of paediatrics and the promotion of friendship amongst paediatricians. Most paediatricians also belonged to the Royal College of Physicians and took the examination MRCP(Paeds). The BPA was granted was granted royal college status in August 1996. The MRCP(Paeds) exam was replaced by the MRCPCH in 1999. Full membership of the College requires successful completion of the MRCPCH examinations and payment of the membership fee. There are over 17,500 members, most based in the UK but with an increasing number overseas. The membership includes practicing hospital, community and academic paediatricians and retired doctors. Paediatric junior doctors who are studying for their MRCPCH exams can become junior members. Medical students, foundation (newly qualified) doctors and non-doctors with an interest in child health may apply for affiliate membership. Doctors working in child health anywhere in the world can become associate members without taking the MRCPCH examination. Senior doctors who have completed paediatric training can apply for fellowship of the RCPCH, after which they can use the letters FRCPCH. The coat of arms of the college commemorate June Lloyd, first female President of the British Paediatric Association and Thomas Phaire, whose Boke of Chyldren from 1545 was the first book on paediatrics in English. The crest is a baby, taken from the arms of the Foundling Hospital in Coram’s Fields. All India Call & WhatsApp Helpline for MBBS/MD Admission : +91 9001099110 Popular Links | MBBS in India, MBBS in China, MBBS in Bangladesh, MBBS in Georgia

Royal College of Ophthalmologists, UK

The Royal College of Ophthalmologists, founded in 1988, is an independent professional body and one of the Medical Royal Colleges. It regulates ophthalmology in the United Kingdom in conjunction with the Royal College of Surgeons ofEdinburgh (RCSEd) and the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow (RCPSG). They set the standards and examinations for medical doctors aiming to become ophthalmologists, and provide surgical skills training, as well as services to those who have completed their training. Historically, treatments for eye diseases were the preserve of much itinerant charlatanry, such as ‘couching’, or displacement of dense cataract with a needle, which led to brief improvements but very high complications and blindness in more than 70%, although the Sushruta Samhita described improvements to this as far back as 800 BC. The return of many soldiers from Napoleonic campaigns suffering an epidemic of trachoma, however, spurred the foundation of Moorfields Eye Hospital in 1805 by surgeon John Cunningham Saunders, with encouragement from Astley Cooper. The College sets and examines standards for training as an ophthalmologist in the UK and is the only College whose qualification leads to access to the GMC Specialist Register in Ophthalmology (CCST) and publishes the research journal Eye, part of the Nature Publishing Group. It also represents ophthalmologists working and training in the UK. Fulfilling the requirements set by the College entitles doctors to the following post-nominal letters in increasing seniority: Membership (MRCOphth) Fellowship (FRCOphth) Membership, once a prerequisite for fellowship, is becoming a separate qualification demonstrating core ophthalmological knowledge, as training in the UK has largely eliminated the SHO/registrar distinction in the field. Fellowship of the college (or its Scottish equivalents) is a necessary (but not sufficient) prerequisite for qualifying from training in the UK. It is also considered broadly equivalent to similar qualifications in the Commonwealth such as FRANZCO and the FRCSI (Ophth). As a surgical speciality, and having originated as part of the Royal College of Surgeons, fellows generally take the title Mr, Mrs, Miss or Ms, rather than Dr, although there are exceptions. The college also offers the Certificate in Laser Refractive Surgery as an additional qualification, and the Duke-Elder Prize Examination, a yearly competitive examination for medical undergraduates in the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland. The president to 2017 was Carrie MacEwen, who has passed the role on to Michael Burdon Sir William Bowman continues to be honoured by an eponymous lecture which is given every second year at the annual congress. The lecturer receives the Bowman medal, the most prestigious award offered by the College. Sir Stewart Duke-Elder has given his name to the Duke– Elder Undergraduate Prize Examination which takes place once a year in medical schools throughout the country. All India Call & WhatsApp Helpline for MBBS/MD Admission : +91 9001099110 Popular Links | MBBS in India, MBBS in China, MBBS in Bangladesh, MBBS in Georgia

Royal College of General Practioner, UK

The Royal College of General Practitioners (RCGP) is the professional body for general (medical) practitioners (GPs/Family Physicians/Primary Care Physicians) in the United Kingdom. The RCGP represents and supports GPs on key issues including licensing, education, training, research and clinical standards. It is the largest of the medical royal colleges, with over 50,000 members. The RCGP was founded in 1952 in London, England and is a registered charity. Its motto is Cum Scientia Caritas – “Compassion [empowered] with Knowledge. The RCGP is unique amongst the medical royal colleges in having both a President and a Chairman. The President takes a mainly ceremonial function while the Chairman sets the college’s policy direction, and leads the RCGP decision making body – the council. In 2012 the establishment of a new Trustee Board meant that members of the council were relieved of having to act in a statutory capacity relating to the college’s charity status. The council of the RCGP encompasses 32 groups (‘Faculties’) located across the UK, the Republic of Ireland and overseas. These are semi-autonomous units that provide local support and services for doctors, including educational events, training and personal development services. The college also incorporates devolved councils in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland that liaise with their own national health and primary care organisations. The current President is Professor Mayur Lakhani and Chair of Council is Dr Helen Stokes-Lampard. The Scottish Council is currently chaired by Dr Carey Lunan. RCGP membership is also extended to Associates in Training (doctors in specialty training for general practice) and Life Members. As of April 2015 the membership total stands at over 50,000. Members of the RCGP are required to abide by the RCGP constitution. The college gained over 7,000 Associates in Training (AiTs) in 2008, when membership was made compulsory for GP trainees. The membership total has effectively doubled between 1998 and 2008. Membership of the Royal College of General Practitioners (MRCGP) is a postgraduate medical qualification in the UK. The MRCGP Qualification is an integrated training and assessment system run by the RCGP. It aims to demonstrate excellence in the provision of General Practice. While the MRCGP was originally an optional qualification, it has more recently become mandatory for newly qualifying GPs and is directly linked to the GP Curriculum which the RCGP published in 2007 and regularly updates as necessary. In 2007 a new system of assessment was introduced, delivered locally in conjunction with deaneries, with the qualification awarded on completion of a three-year specialty training programme. Doctors with a licence to practise who successfully complete the MRCGP are eligible for inclusion on the General Medical Council’s (GMC) GP Register as well use of the post nominals that indicate membership of the RCGP (MRCGP). The RCGP runs a Continuing Professional Development (CPD) Credits scheme that offers GPs a flexible learning framework in which to produce a portfolio of work that supports the Revalidation process. Key elements of the college’s work in this field include developing a quality assured appraisal system and an ePortfolio that logs evidence of GPs’ learning. The CPD scheme is supported by the Online Learning Environment and Essential Knowledge Updates (EKU), providing doctors with e-learning tools, publications and other written materials on the latest developments in clinical practice knowledge. The provision of educational support for members includes: E-learning modules BJGP/InnovAiT Essential Knowledge Updates and Challenge Personal Education Programme (PEP) Clinical courses Clinical updates CPD Credits Scheme. This has led to improved retention, which now exceeds 97%, and is 7% higher than the average retention rate for UK-based membership organisations charging a similar annual membership subscription fee. The RCGP has also developed Quality Programmes to support GPs and their teams. These are criteria and evidence based programmes which are designed to be voluntary, supportive and developmental in function. The RCGP runs an Annual Conference each autumn, often attracting political, national and international speakers. The RCGP also hold a variety of courses and conferences throughout the year on specific clinical topics (e.g. Certificate in the treatment of substance misuse; Minor Surgery; Commissioning of local care; and regular ‘one-day essentials’ such as obesity, respiratory care and dementia – all aimed at GPs and other health professionals within primary care. The RCGP builds partnerships with overseas health organisations, runs an International Development Programme and develops postgraduate assessment through an International Membership accreditation scheme called MRCGP[INT]. The college advises international doctors wishing to study or practise in the UK, and runs an International Travel Scholarship to support the study needs of members and non-members. Co-founders of the college include Fraser Rose, John Hunt and George Abercrombie and others who joined the steering committee in 1951. The college began in November 1952 in response to growing physical, administrative and financial pressures that demoralised GPs and undermined standards of patient care. GPs now had to provide free primary care throughout the community and act as ‘gatekeepers’ with responsibility for referring patients to specialist consultants in NHS hospitals. The formation of the college received widespread support throughout the medical press and individual GPs. In January 1953 ‘Foundation Membership’ was made available to established GPs who satisfied defined criteria, and within six weeks 1,655 doctors had joined. One of the first presidents of the RCGP was William Pickles. He spoke out in favour of the foundation of the NHS and was held in high regard worldwide for his work in epidemiology. All India Call & WhatsApp Helpline for MBBS/MD Admission : +91 9001099110 Popular Links | MBBS in India, MBBS in China, MBBS in Bangladesh, MBBS in Georgia

Royal College of Emergency Medicine, UK

The Royal College of Emergency Medicine (RCEM) is an independent professional association of emergency physicians in the United Kingdom which sets standards of training and administers examinations for emergency medicine in the United Kingdom and Ireland. The patron is HRH The Princess Royal. The College in its current form was incorporated by royal charter in 2008. However, the history of its preceding organisations, the Faculty of Accident and Emergency Medicine and the British Association for Emergency Medicine, date back to 1993 and 1967 respectively. Traditionally in British hospital practice, “casualty departments” were staffed and led mainly by non-consultant doctors with surgical backgrounds. The first UK doctor to be designated as a “Consultant Surgeon in Charge of the Casualty Department and Receiving Room” was Maurice Ellis, who was appointed at Leeds General Infirmary in 1952. Another 15 years passed before a distinct professional body came into being; Ellis became the head of the Casualty Surgeons Association (CSA) which first met on 12 October 1967 at BMA House (a year before the equivalent American College of Emergency Physicians in the United States). The field developed over the years, with the first UK specialty exam in emergency medicine held in 1983 under the auspices of the CSA. The CSA adopted the British Accident & Emergency Medicine Journal and Archives of Emergency Medicine as its journals in 1985. The CSA changed its name to the British Association for Accident and Emergency Medicine (BAEM) in 1990. It helped found the International Federation for Emergency Medicine in 1991 along with the American, Canadian and Australasian colleges. The BAEM was renamed once more in 2004 to the British Association for Emergency Medicine, retaining the same initials. n late 2005, FAEM reached agreement with BAEM for the two organizations to merge to form a new medical royal college. The faculty was renamed the College of Emergency Medicine (CEM) as of 1 January 2006, becoming independent of its parent colleges. It relocated to Churchill House in London (the headquarters of the Royal College of Anaesthetists, where BAEM was also based) on 29 August 2006. CEM and BAEM formally merged in February 2008, with the new organisation continuing under the name of “College of Emergency Medicine”, but incorporated by a royal charter giving it its own legal status. In February 2012 the College moved to newly purchased headquarters at 7-9 Bream’s Buildings in London. The College sets the qualification awarded by examination that lead to a Certificate of Completion of Training in emergency medicine training in the United Kingdom – the Fellowship of the Royal College of Emergency Medicine (FRCEM). Doctors who complete this training program may sit the FCEM examination, and on completion become a Fellow of the College and may be recommended by the College for a Certificate of Completion of Training in emergency medicine. The first sitting of the College’s examination was the Fellowship of the Faculty of Accident and Emergency Medicine (FFAEM) examination, equivalent to the current Final FRCEM, was in October 1996. In 2003 the College introduced an introductory examination, now the preferred route of entry to specialist registrar training, the Membership of the Faculty of A&E Medicine (MFAEM). Both examinations were renamed in 2006, as part of the creation of the College, as Fellowship of the College of Emergency Medicine (FCEM) and Membership of the College of Emergency Medicine (MCEM) respectively. Their titles were further updated in 2015 when the college gained the “Royal” title, as the Membership of the Royal College of Emergency Medicine (MRCEM), and the higher Fellowship of the Royal College of Emergency Medicine (FRCEM). In August 2016 further changes to the curriculum led to the merging of the examinations into a new FRCEM exam, split into three parts: the FRCEM Primary Examination, FRCEM Intermediate Certificate, and the FRCEM Final Examination. All India Call & WhatsApp Helpline for MBBS/MD Admission : +91 9001099110 Popular Links | MBBS in India, MBBS in China, MBBS in Bangladesh, MBBS in Georgia

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